The Effect of Endurance Training and High-Fat Diet on The Expression of Pgc1α and Ucp1 in Subcutaneous Adipose and Brown Tissues of C57BL / 6 Male Mice

Background & The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of eight-week endurance training and diet on the expression of Pgc1α and Ucp1 in adipose tissue of obese and normal C57BL / 6 mice. Accordingly, 48 male C57BL / 6 mice were randomly divided into two groups: high-fat diet group, low-fat diet group (12 weeks).Then, both obese and normal groups divided into four groups based on weight average: High-Fat diet Endurance (HF-E), High-Fat diet sedentary (HF-S), Low-Fat diet Endurance (LF- E), and Low-Fat diet sedentary (LF-S).Groups trained on treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, with 19 m/min for 45 minutes. 24h after the last training session, the mice were sacrificed. Subcutaneous and brown adipose tissue were isolated and frozen in liquid nitrogen to measure the expression of Pgc1α and Ucp1; using Q-PCR, for gene expression and two-way ANOVA (p˂0/05) as statistical analysis.   The results showed that the high-fat diet caused significant increase in Pgc1α levels in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, while obesity resulted in a significant decrease in it. Additionally, obesity and training resulted in a significant reduction of Pgc1α expression in the brown adipose tissue. Also, the expression of Ucp1 in the obese groups was significantly lower than in the normal groups (p˂0/05). Also it was found that Pgc1α and Ucp1 levels were decreased significantly in the subcutaneous and brown adipose tissues of obese, indicating disorders due to obesity. Training led to increase in the expression of Pgc1α and Ucp1 in the subcutaneous adipose tissue.