The Place of Subjectivity in Representation of Nature in Cézanne's Paintings Based on Its implication in Kant's Thought

Paul Cézanne, a prominent figure in nineteenth-century French paintings, has proposed a new perspective in his artistic creations leveling fresh criticism at the traditional representation of art. The present article aims to discuss the presence of mind and subjectivity in Cézanne's paintings. To this end, and in order to establish a coherent framework for the current study, this research is carried out based on the concept of "subjectivity" in Kant's thought (one of the eminent philosophers. On this basis, the rational discipline existing in Cézanne’s artwork is then analyzed to represent his mentality of nature. The hypothesis of this study is as follows: On the basis of Kant's perspective, it seems that fundamental role of subjectivity in the development of Cézanne's paintings as the father of modern art can be justified in relation to "understanding" and "subjectivity" in the field of philosophy. The results of this study indicated that Cézanne, as one of the influential figures in modern art represents a mentality which focuses on " Thinker ego (cogitator)", akin to Kant's philosophical quests  in opposition to the absolute imposition of outer reality. The research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical which is analyzed with reference to its data library resources.There are scattered writings on the background of the present study, the most important of which is the article published by "Merleau-Ponty ". Merleau-Ponty (1945), in an article entitled "Cézanne's Doubt “sought to bridge the gap between consciousness and the world with a phenomenological view.