A Synoptic Analysis of Circulation Patterns flood casue in Bazoft Basin

Flooding is a natural hazard. This phenomenon carries significant importance for Iran which is one of the world's six countries in terms of accident. Synoptic conditions of atmospheric circulation patterns are very important in identifying the risk factors that lead to flooding in heavy rainfall. This study used Morghak hydrometric station's daily and hourly discharge statistics as well as  daily precipitation data from the rain gauge stations and surrounding area during the period of 1360- 1388. Flooding date in the basin was extracted in order to study the flood-causing system in BAZOFT basin. Then, days of widespread rainfall in the questioned territory which synchronized with the occurred flood date were determined. Afterwards, four main patterns were specified through a cluster analysis on Euclidean distance of flood data in 487 sea level pressure. Thus, these four patterns were analyzed in terms of sea level pressure, geopotential height at 500 and 700 hPa, wind components, moisture flux convergence, and Omega. The results of synoptic maps analysis showed that when floodwater occurs, low pressure tab of the Mediterranean and Sudan spread toward the south-west of Iran and BAZOFT basin. The Mediterranean, Black and Red seas have played a role in strengthening the aforementioned tabs. Positioning of western wind through axes with cut off low pressure in this basin is the main factor of severe inconsistency and heavy rainfall. The results of the analysis of the convergence of moisture flux showed that torrential rainfall was mainly a result of water flow from the Sea of Oman, the Persian Gulf, the Mediterranean and the northern half of the Red Sea to the BAZOFT basin and moisture accumulation in the basin.