The Effect of Two Methods of Aerobic Exercise on IFN-γ in the Animal Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelination of the central nervous system which has caused a lot of complications for affected patients and leads disability. Today, along with other sciences, the field of research of sports science is trying to find ways to improve disorders caused by diseases and sport injuries and to improve the health of people in the community. Regarding the importance of complementary therapies, this study aimed to investigate the effect of two types of aerobic training on inflammatory cytokines of IFN-γ in animal samples with MS.

The sample included 96 C57bl6 mice. After preparation and induction in the form of EAE model, swimming training was conducted in 8 groups of 6, including healthy groups (control, swimming) and MS (control, swimming, interferon, swimming + interferon, control, injection and control). Moreover, in the case of wheel running training, they were divided into eight groups of 10 including healthy groups (control, wheel running) and MS (control, wheel running, interferon, wheel running + interferon, injection control, wheel running control and injection). The animal models performed the exercise protocol after one week of environmental compatibility. After blood sampling, IFN-γ concentration was measured with specific kits in the laboratory by separating serum. At the end of the experiments, the severity of EAE in rats were compared among the study groups. The present study was done experimentally and all data and raw data obtained from the samples were analyzed by SPSS (software version 24) using one-way ANOVA. The minimum level of significance was considered as p≤0.05.

The study showed that the mean concentration of IFN-γ in the EAE model, which was performed by the swimming, had a significant decrease both in the non-injected (p=0.047) and interferon-treated group (p=0.013) compared to the non-active models. Also, the mean concentration of IFN-γ in wheel running training only in EAE group and wheel running was significant.(p=0.025) p≤0.05.

According to the protocol of the present study, it can be concluded about the response of inflammatory markers to aerobic training courses that the physical activity of swimming and wheel running has been able to reduce the level of inflammatory markers with MS.