Investigation of Changes in TC1 Gene Expression Influenced by Hydro alcoholic Extract of Fennel in Thyroid Cancer Induced in Mice:An Experimental Study

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant endocrine, accounting for 1% of all cancers. One of the most effective genes in thyroid cancer is the TC1 gene. Therefore, this study aimed to determine TC1 gene expression changes under the influence of hydro alcoholic extract of fennel in mice.

In this experimental study, hydro alcoholic extract of fennel was prepared. Then, the concentrations required for the experiment were prepared and MTT assay was performed on BCPAP and L929 cells. Simultaneous tumor induction was performed in mice. Then sampling thyroid tissue, RNA extraction and cDNA Synthesis was performed. The results of gene expression changes were evaluated using Real-time technique and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

The results showed that fennel extract reduced the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. The lowest cell survival was observed at 200 μg/ml, which was significant at the level of p<0.05. Also, TC1 gene expression increased significantly on day 28 after tumor induction and decreased significantly after treatment with extract (p<0.05).

According to the results, the expression of TC1 gene in thyroid malignancies increased. Therefore, it might be possible to use the TC1 gene alone or in combination with other genes as a marker for distinguishing between malignant and benign samples. Treatment with fennel extract also reduced the gene expression, and also reduced and increased cell proliferation, in the cell lines. Therefore, it may be possible to use fennel extract to improve cell proliferation and also to control cancer cells.