Medicine and Iranian Physicians in the Timurid and Turkmans Period (9th and Early 10th Centuries AH)

The Timurid and Turkmans periods are among important periods in Iranian history and culture. By gathering scholars in Samarkand, Timur prepared the bed for scientific growth in his capital. His successors and Turkmen rulers emphasized on the prosperity of science, including medicine so that famous physicians emerged during this period. Although some have specialized in sciences other than medicine and have written some books, most of them have had a reputation in medicine and medical works. In their work, they discussed the disease and their treatment. Some of them migrated to Anatolia and worked there as physician or contributed to the development of Iranian medicine by writing works in medicine. The aim of this research is to identify Iranian doctors of this period and clarify the practice of medicine along with their scientific activities.

This study has been conducted by using a descriptive and analytical documents and historical references. Studying the works of Iranian physicians, the status of medicine and the activities of Iranian physicians during this period have been evaluated.

The findings show that by gathering medical information in the body of their government and supporting them, Timurid and Turkmans helped the emergence of some famous physicians such as Ghias Addin Mohammad Tabib, Fazlollah Tabrizi, Shams Addin Abdullah, Nizam Addin Abdulhai, Shokrollah Shirvani, Hakim Shah Mohammad Ibn Mubarak Qazvini and Moslehuddin Larry. Along with the practice of medicine, they also wrote some medical works. Sometimes due to the political reasons, some of the physicians immigrated to Anatolia.

By studying the works of Iranian medicine, it can be concluded that Iranian physicians had valuable methods in the practice and treatment of patients in the past and expressed their views in their works. Today, alongside the modern medicine, their theories can be used in the treatments.