Investigation of Soil-Tunnel-Pile Interaction on Surface Structures Using Time Histories Method by 3D Finite Difference Method

The tunnel is considered as one of the most important elements of man-made construction, which plays a vital role in the various transport sectors in human life today. The excavation of the tunnel on the earth's grounds leads to horizontal and vertical displacements around the tunnel. It turns out that these displacements can reach the surface of the earth and cause problems in the urban areas. In fact, the excavation of the soil has affected the soil structure, which affects the ground level as well as the lateral displacement of the deep pile. In this study, three models of structure-piles-tunnels in three-dimensional model have been analyzed using numerical methods. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of tunnel construction on surface structures with the presence of a wall between the structures and tunnels without the presence of a wall at the interface between the structure and the tunnel in both static and dynamic conditions. Dynamic analysis has been carried out in the form of a time history using three earthquakes. In this research, the placement of the pile at the interface between the structure and the tunnel improves the performance of the surface structure and, as a result, reduces the formation of the surface structure, which prevents the complete destruction of the structure in the dynamic state.