Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Reducing Self-Medication Behaviors of Patients with Diabetes Type 2: Application of BASNEF Model

Self-medication in diabetic patients will lead to severe fluctuations in their blood glucose levels, which can lead to early complications of diabetes in patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the BASNEF model on self-medication behaviors in patients with diabetes type 2.

This semi-experimental study was carried out on 200 patients with diabetes type 2 covered the diabetes center of Fasa city in 2018. The subjects were selected by random sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (100 people in each group). Data gathering tool was a questionnaire including demographic information, BASNEF model (knowledge, attitude, empowering factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention) and self-medication behaviors about diabetes that was completed before and three months after intervention. Educational intervention was conducted for the experimental group in 7 training sessions of 50-55 minutes. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software, using Chi-square, independent t-test and paired t-test.

After intervention, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, empowering factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention was significantly increased in experimental group compared to control group. Also the mean score of self-medication behaviors significantly decreased.

The educational intervention based on the BASNEF model is effective on reducing the self-medication behaviors in patients with diabetes type 2.