The Prevalence of Smoking in Middle-Aged Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in Comparison with Healthy People, Isfahan City, Iran, 2018

Metabolic syndrome is a physiologic and biochemical disorder. Due to the possible important role of smoking in metabolic syndrome, we aimed to assess this role.

This cross-sectional study was performed on the data of middle-aged patients’ health records in Isfahan City, Iran, in 2018. According to diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome, 246 involved patient and 246 healthy people were selected using convenience sampling method. Smoking status and other demographic information were collected and analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression methods.

Using water pipe (hookah) is significantly more prevalent among the patients with metabolic syndrome (57.7%) compared to healthy population (16.3%) (P < 0.001). We also indicated that smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 5.55, P = 0.006] and low education were associated with increased odds of developing metabolic syndrome, whereas being married reduced the odds (OR = 0.15, P < 0.001).

 As shown by this study, using hookah is more prevalent among the patients with metabolic syndrome compared to healthy population; smoking is associated with increased odds of metabolic syndrome as well.