Study on effects of pretreatment nano-particle silicon dioxide (SiO2) on seed germination and biochemical indicate of soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars Williams under salinity

The present study of Nano particle silicon dioxide to increase the germination of soybean cultivar Williams under salt stress conditions as factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2015 in the laboratory of Tehran's Shahed University of Science and Technology Seed. First factor is different concentrations of nano-silica including control, 40 and 60 ppm, and the second factor different concentrations of salinity control (no stress), 5, 7.5 and 10 dS/m. The traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, average daily germination, uniformity of germination, the number of normal seedlings, seedling fresh weight, relative water content of shoot, weight root to shoot ratio, the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, ratio of chlorophyll a to b, carotenoid, proline and total soluble sugar was measured. The results showed that the interaction of nano-silica priming and salinity on traits such as germination percentage and rate, average daily germination, uniformity of germination time, normal seedling, root to shoot ratio and chlorophyll content at the level of 1% (P<0.01) was significant. According to the results treatment of nano-silica concentration of 60 ppm increase the germination rate is 34 percent. This has offset the decrease caused by salinity and germination in salinity concentration of 10 dS/m to about 80 percent. Treatment of 60 ppm of nano silica in the face of salinity on the germination parameters such as speed of germination, normal seedlings and the shoot relative water content have positive effects and by increase biochemical traits like leaf total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the chlorophyll a to b, carotenoid, proline and total soluble sugar mitigate some of the damage caused by salt stress.