Language and cultural-cognitive study based on the theory of formalism in formation of Sociology (study of ungraceful forgiveness in holy Quran and mutanabbi poems)

Language as the main factor at creating literary speech plays main rule in existence and formation culture and cognition at all levels. Because of that connection between language and thought cognition in literary text, and related issues including cultural - cognitive change, are not separated subjects. But this connection itself is a kind of culture and lifestyle. Also, the role of language in regular systematic formalist is not unique at communication. But it's more that and causes creation of culture and production of cognition. Therefore, this research wants to answer this important question that: What literary text can be related to cultural recognition? In this research according to above approach, we study the motif of ungraceful forgiveness and comparing it on holy Quran and mutanabbi poems. The method of this research is analytical - critical Based on the theory of formalism in the formulation of sociology that explained above issues. The main purpose in this paper is explaining the rule of literary text forming the culture and creating different cognitive speech. Therefore the literary text is different not as a mirror of the society before itself, but as a movement in the direction to the creation of culture and cognition. At the end we found that the method of using language in holy Quran causes creating Cultural _ cognitive in domain of democracy. But this method in mutanabbi poems is not necessarily the result of the creation of a class society and as a result of the exploitation of man by man.