A CRITICAL STUDY OF JAMES BELLAMY'S FOUNDATION OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE BASED ON AYATOLLAH FAZEL LANKRANI'S OPINIONS

Through a careful look at in the works of Western Qur'anic scholars, we see differences in their views, largely due to differences in their specific principles and presumptions. In evaluating the views of the Orientalists, one must first analyze their thought foundations before critiquing the results. This is an underlying and academic measure in Western Qur'anic research that has not been addressed. James Bellamey is a revisionist scholar who introduced "Critique of the Text of the Qur'an" as a Bible-based approach, identifying errors in the writing of the Qur'an and correcting the vocabulary and replacing it with new words. In the following article, after explaining the fundamentals of the method of criticizing the text of the Qur'an by this Western Qur'anic scholar, these principles and assumptions are evaluated based on Ayatollah Fazel Lankrani's viewes. From the reviews made over James Bellamy's works, his view is based on two points: "the occurrence of an error in the Qur'an and the necessity of correcting those errors" and "the authenticity of the written text of the Qur'an". James Bellamy's foundations can be firmly criticized based on the oral narattion of the Qur'an, since the transmission of the Qur'an was based on oral narattion rather than written text. The method of this paper is descriptive-analytical.