Investigating Root Canal Number and Morphology of Mandibular Anterior Teeth Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Root therapy will be successful if it is done based on a correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan with the knowledge of morphology and tooth anatomy, debridement, disinfection, and obturation of the entire root canal system. This study aimed to investigate the number and morphology of canals in root canals mandibular anterior using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in a private office in Tehran, Iran 2018, and 902 anterior teeth were evaluated. Teeth were selected according to the following criteria: complete evolved roots, absence of periapical lesion, and no history of root healing. CBCT images were evaluated from three dimensions of sagittal (root number, canal type, and apical foramen deviation from radiographic apex), coronal (apical foramen deviation from radiographic apex), and axial (canal type and apical foramen diameter). Data analysis was done in SPSS V16.

The mean apical foramen diameter was 0.21 ± 0.55 and the mean apical foramen deviation from the radiographic apex was 0.66 ± 0.48 mm. Class 1 and 3 morphologies were the most frequent classes observed in anterior teeth and other classes accounted for about 5% of the samples.

In this study, there was no relationship between gender and the number of roots and in males the number of canals were higher than that in females.