Explaining causes of the formation of informal settlements and providing optimal solutions to organize them (Case Study: Boukan- Aliabad Neighborhood)

Informal settlements, as a phenomenon with physical, social, economic and wide spatial dimensions, are the results of modern urbanization and the discourse of progress in the Enlightenment age which challenges the pattern of sustainable urban development and causes heterogeneous development and inequality of urban areas in relation to existing facilities and convenience. This phenomenon in Iran as many other countries in the world, is growing and encountered the cities of the country with serious problems. Boukan is not exceptional. One of the informal settlements of Boukan is Aliabad Neighborhood. The aim of this study is to identify and explain the reasons for the formation of these informal settlements. The research method of Aliabad is survey and the data are obtained through documentary and field studies. To answer the research hypothesis, statistical methods (single sample t-test, stepwise regression, path analysis) and SWOT model have been used. The Statistical Society of the study consisted of 4259 households which 360 households were selected as sample. The reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire was obtained by calculating Cronbach's alpha of 0.73. The results indicate that economic factors, especially employment and income distribution, have the highest impact with beta 78%, social factors with beta of 49% and political factors with beta of 28% in the formation of Aliabad Neighborhood. Also this study, using Swat model after identification, evaluation and classification of factors (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats), and the formation of internal factors evaluation matrix (with a score of 2/694) and external factors (with a score of 2/427) Provides a review strategy for organizing the city's economic, social and political dimensions.