Effects of Persian Gulf’s Climate on the Particular Architecture of its Southern Coasts (with an Emphasis on the Making of Mashrabiya in Bushehr)

Climatic conditions are among the most important factors affecting the biological safety of human environments. Accordingly, human beings have always tried to provide some desirable environmental conditions for their life in different regions through taking a number of accurate measures. The traditional architecture of various countries abound in successful examples and experiences in this regard. The hierarchy of climatic architecture in a region plays a significant role in environmental safety conditions, which is still of greater importance in regions with specific climates. The coasts of the Persian Gulf and the southern shores of Iran generally enjoy a hot and humid climate and have long summers and short winters. This has resulted in the creation of a specific kind of architecture in these regions which is in conformity to its climate. Among the particular features of this style of architecture reference can be made to the making of mashrabias. With their various climatic, cultural, and aesthetic functions, during the previous centuries, the mashrabias in Bushehr’s architecture have once again attracted the attention of researchers in the recent decades. Hence, the present paper is intended to explore this specific feature of Islamic architecture. It is necessary to mention that this architectural style, which can only be observed in Bushehr, displays a combination of Islamic and Iranian architectures in this city.