A Study and Critique of the Influence of the Torah and the Bible on the Qur'an in EQ (Leiden Encyclopedia of the Qur'an)

The doubt "the Influence of the Torah and Bible on the Qur'an has long history, but in the last two centuries (nineteenth and twentieth centuries) due to the expansion of the Qur'anic studies of Orientalists, this doubt has been raised in numerous works, and even numerous works by the Orientalists have been devoted solely to the Qur'an's adoption of the Torah and the Bible. The Leiden Encyclopedia of the Qur'an (EQ), which is the most important work of Qur'anic studies in the third millennium and in the contemporary era, has a relatively positive performance in comparison with other Orientalist works on this subject and no article, has referred to the Qur'an's adoption of the Torah and the Bible and only mentioned the content similarities of the Qur'an with them in some articles and without any prejudice. The study has been carried out by descriptive-analytical and discovery method based on the articles of the Leiden Encyclopedia of the Qur'an (EQ). Orientalists who have dealt with this issue, have referred to the Qur'an by hypothesis of "being human". Because they have ignored the Holy Prophet's illiteracy and his lack of connection with the scholars in Mecca and Medina, as well as the violation of many beliefs and practices of the scholars in the Quran, and rather, they have insisted on the origin of the Bible. EQ papers have a mild and soft tone compared to other past orientalists and people in charge of that have tried to avoid expressing their clear opposition against revelation of the Qur'an, as well as to empower the scientific and impartial image in the papers. However, it seems that this is not the basic and fundamental approach, but it is a way to affect their own audience more, especially Muslim audience.