Evaluation the effects of periodic water stress on yield and water productivity on Quinoa

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of periodic water stress on yield and yield components of Quinoa in the experimental research under greenhouse conditions. This research was conducted to study the effect of water stress on yield and yield components of Quinoa in the experimental research greenhouse of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during 2018-19. NQRC cultivar of Quinoa was planted and experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replications. Treatments were full irrigation in all growth stages, water stress in a vegetative stage, water stress in flowering stages, water stress in the grain filling stage and deficit irrigation in all growth stage treatment with supplemental irrigation in time of planting. Results showed that the effect of periodic water stress on leaf number, leaf panicle, panicle length, stem diameter, plant height, SPAD index, 1000 kernel weight, grain yield, and water productivity were highly significant (P>0.01), but different irrigation regimes on branches number and panicle width were significant at 5 % levels. Results showed that the highest 1000 kernel weight (3.99 g), grain yield (21.2 g) and plant height (67.9 cm) were in full irrigation in all growth stage treatment and the highest water productivity (2.14 kg/m3) was in deficit irrigation in all growth stage treatment. With 50% reduction of water in vegetative stage, flowering stage, grain filling staged and deficit irrigation in all growth stage compared to full irrigation in all growth stage treatment, 1000 kernel weights were decreased by 19.0, 9.0, 4.5, and 26.6 % and Grain yield was decreased by 19.3, 11.8, 7.5 and 21.2% respectively.