The Effects of Lead Toxicity on the Hematological Parameters Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) at Varying Salinity Levels

Lead (Pb) is an important metal used in industries, mining and agriculture. It is equally important to the aquatic ecosystems and has negative impact on the health of aquatic organisms.

The LC50 of lead toxicity at varying salinities was first determined for 96 hours. Then juvenile fish were transferred to tanks individually and were exposed to 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 mg/l of Pb at varying salt concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 g/l. The blood samples were taken after the 4th day and the hematological parameters were evaluated. 

Red Blood Cells (RBC) and White Blood Cells (WBC) were decreased in almost all lead treated groups. The Hb levels decreased consistent with increasing lead concentrations (P<0.05). The mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin and the concentration were not affected by the lead concentrations compared to those for the control group. The WBC and RBC counts showed an inverse correlation with the lead concentrations in the Pb-exposed fish. A direct correlation was also observed in the lead concentration and the heterophile rate (P<0.05). 

The results showed that salinity did not affect the hematological parameters, but the LC50 values decreased with increasing salinity.