Cognitive Niche Construction and Archaeological Poetics; An Introduction to Dwelling Theory in Archaeology
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
The study concerned with “the archaeology of dwelling” as a new theoretical approach with its own problematics and thematics. Dwelling perspective in archaeology is the product of some epistemological lack in the discipline; the lack of research in those kinds of phenomena which could be marked truly as cultural/cognitive; Phenomena unexplainable in ecological, environmental, geographical and anthropological terms. This weakness comes from such a consideration in conventional view of archaeology as a discipline unable to investigate past meanings through material remains. The concept of Dwelling used in the study derives from a philosophical conception of the term according to which, being in the world of human beings is profoundly different from other creatures in that, it dwells within its linguistic, imaginary realities through which a world could be produced for settling and livelihood. In other word, the human being is settled in its world primarily by means of cognitive/cultural meanings which are attached cognitive/ culturally to the surrounded environment. The problematics of the study was to recover a kind of credit for archaeology in that, it can approach factors beyond ecological, geographical or anthropological, without losing its archaeological accurateness; factors such as cognitive, metaphysical, semiotic, and conceptual. The study defined dwelling philosophically, anthropologically and archaeologically to build up three levels of archaeological facts, each of them with its own problematics and thematics. A Cognitive Niche Construction approach has been used in the study to justify the results. Niche construction means that every organism has a behavioral/ ecological inheritance which could be considered as an active part of adaptation with a particular environment, supplementary to passive inheritance derived from natural selection. A case of Sarfiroozabad used as an explanation of practical applicability of the new level of archaeological research, which could be called the poetic. The case study showed that, by applying proper means of analysis, the poetic qualities of past peoples are detectable archaeologically, even in archaeological surface surveying projects.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Iranian Archaeological Research Journal, Volume:9 Issue: 23, 2020
Pages:
207 to 227
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