Comparative Frequency Evaluation of Bacterial Organisms Isolated from Clinical Samples of ICU Admitted Patients and Related Factors in Ardabil-Iran

Microbiological infection plays vital role in determining the outcome as well as cost and duration of the hospital stay for patients admitted in ICU setup. Therefore regular surveillance of important pathogens and its related factors are mandatory. The objective of this study was to find out the organisms causes infection in patients admitted in different Trauma-surgery, medical and neurology ICUs and related factors. Our study was a prospective descriptive-analytic study. During the period from January 2013 to January 2014, total of 520 samples (blood, respiratory tract, urine etc.) from patients admitted in Trauma-surgical, medical and Neuro-ICUs of Ardabil city-Iran were collected and processed for culture, identification and antibiotic susceptibility. The medical and microbiological information were recorded from all patients whose samples were positive. Out of 520 positive cultures the most frequent organisms isolated were Pseudomonas spp 24.6% (n=128), followed by Klebsiella spp 18.63% (n=97), Acinetobacter spp 15% (n=78) and S.aureus 17.1%. The mortality rate of patients with positive cultures was 13.67% (n=71) with a mean length of stay of 13.7±12.04 days compared to 7.5±8.5 days in survived. Mortality rate was 15.79% in neurology, 15.54% in surgical-trauma and 11.05% in medical patients. A significant relation between surgeries, CVS and mechanical ventilation with mortality (P<0.001) was found. No significant relation between each type of ICUs and microbiology was detected. This report reveals the Microbiology profile in patients in ICUs. Regular microbiological surveillance help in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated among the patients in critical care setting.