Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) with some biorational insecticides, ‎and their effects on four species of pests and natural enemies in alfalfa fields ‎

Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) with hexaflumuron, chromafenozide, chlorfluazuron, phosalone, garlic extract and pepper extract was studied at the laboratory condition. In details, 75, 150, 300 and 500 µl of the insecticides and extracts were incorporated into 100 ml of liquefied potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium. Seven, 15, 17 and 19 days after treatment, diameter of the colonies was measured and compared in the treatments and control. In the second part of the study, the effects of B. bassiana, chromafenozide, chlorfluazuron, phosalone, garlic extract, pepper extract, hexaflumuron, azadirachtin and B. bassiana + garlic extract, were determined on alfalfa leaf weevil Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harrisand the two species of coccinellids including Hyppodamia variegata (Goeze) and Coccinella undecimpunctata L. under field conditions. Experiments were conducted using randomized complete block design with four replicates. A sampling was conducted a day before treatments and three samplings were conducted 1, 3 and 7 days after treatments. The Efficacy of treatments was calculated using Henderson-Tilton's formula. The results indicated that garlic and pepper extracts were compatible with B. bassiana and those can be used simultaneously in pest management programs. Three days after treatment, efficiency of garlic and pepper extracts, hexaflumuron and B. bassiana + garlic extract was significantly higher on young larvae of H. postica than other treatments and those can be considered in this pest management programs. Chromafenozide, azadirachtin and hexaflumuron had > 50% efficiency on pea aphid population. Among these insecticides, hexaflumuron may be recommended for pea aphid control due to its relatively low effects on the lady beetles.