The Political Contexts of the Soviet Union Invasion of Afghanistan after the Saur Revolution and Its Impact on Afghan Political Life

Relations between Afghanistan and the Soviet Union Since the independence of Afghanistan which was taken by Amanullah Khan from Britain to the fall of rule of Dr Najibullah (1992) by the Mujahideen has been one of the most critical periods in Afghan's contemporary history. Relations between Afghanistan and the USSR during the time had always been rising and falling, and it did not leave a positive image in the historical memory of the Afghan people, especially since the formation of the Communist government. Russia has long coveted the territory of Afghanistan, and has enjoyed every opportunity for attacking to the territory; invasion of the red army on 1979 and deployment in there is one an undeniable evidence for it. The aim of this research is to clarify the factors and causes of the Soviet invasion to Afghanistan and to find out the factors that influence the Soviet campaign in Afghanistan and the impact and consequences of the invasion on the political and social situation in the country. The findings of the study indicate that the Soviets expanded the sphere of influence to secure itself against its neighbors and spreading own ideology, as for confronting it, west entered that resulted in forming national and religious opposition in Afghanistan and triggered a civil war that has been continued until today. The method of this study is mostly library. From an essential perspective, it is based on a historical method that its basis is description and analysis. Moreover, in this research, the recent works of Afghanistan and foreigner researcher have been enjoyed.