The effect of extraction condition on Bio active compounds of saffron corm extract

Saffron is a unique product of Iran and Saffron corm is one of the saffron producing ingredients that is produced annually in high volume in the country. It is shown that saffron corm is a low- cost material, contains some bioactive compounds that are extractable. The extraction method is effected on the kind and amount of bioactive material extracted from saffron corm. Therefore, this research was carried out to produce high value added materials from waste saffron onion. First, the saffron onion was prepared, dried and completely grinding. Extracting was performed using solvent (80% methanol, 80% ethanol and water) and ultrasound (100% intensity, 0, 20 and 40 minutes at room temperature). The extracts were dried at rotary evaporation. In each case, the extraction efficiency, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), phenolic compounds, iron regeneration strength III, and free radical receptivity were determined. In order to investigate the independent effect (type of solvent, ultrasound intensity) and interaction (solvent type and ultrasound intensity) on bioactive compounds of saffron onion extract, a factorial arrangement of 2 variables with completely randomized design was used in three replications. The mean comparison was done by Duncan method. The results showed that Ethanol solvent extracted 85.84 mg/ml of phenolic compounds with the highest reducing power of FeIII (594.7 μmol/ml) and radical receptivity (59.42%), and the ultrasound process at 100% for 40 minutes extracted the highest amount of phenolic compounds (82.23 mg/ml).