An Investigation of the Components of Citizenship Rights in Islamic Civilization: Focusing on Verses of Holy Quran

Today citizenship rights have been taken into account as one of the basic components of various political systems. Although citizenship rights have relatively universal foundations including equality and justice, freedom, tolerance, civil ethics and human dignity, conceptions and definitions of citizenship rights by political schools and ideologies are different. While in western civilization the emphasis is laid on the centrality of liberty, liberalism and secular human rights, other civilizations including Islamic civilization are grounded upon the centrality of religion in the determination of social and political values. On the other hand, civilization as the totality of the practical achievements of human life insists on such features as justice, knowledge, intellection, thinking and civility and thus it has certain similarities to citizenship rights. Now the basic question of the current research is this: what are the basic components of citizenship rights in Islamic civilization? Among the results of present study one can refer to the idea that citizenship intended by Islamic civilization is dependent upon going beyond the ordinary notion of citizenship in western civilization and such concepts as theocentrism and divinity, justice administration, ethicalism, tolerance, intellection and thinking. Moreover, in Islamic civilization citizenship is based on the rights and responsibilities and the golden principle, "Every one of you is responsible and accountable before the citizens", represents its building block. Given the subject-matter of current study we have taken advantage of the descriptive-analytic approach together with the library and documented method. Furthermore, we have gathered the required data via evaluation of the scientific articles in this field.