Antecedents of the Behavioral Model of Management of Football Spectators in Iran

Spectators are the most important sporting asset of any country. If their behavior is not managed, they may cause irreparable financial and life losses; therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the antecedents of the law enforcement model of football spectator behavior in Iran, given the key role of law enforcement in securing matches and sporting events.

The present qualitative study was a developmental-applied research that was conducted through content analysis. The participant community, which was also controlled on the basis of theoretical saturation principle, consisted of 29 professors, experts and experts related to the subject of the research who were purposefully selected and gathered the required information by using semi-structured individual interviewing and focus group. MAXqda2018 software is also used for classification and coding.

According to the objectives of the research, 261 codes were extracted from the 255 pages of interview text in the form of 44 basic themes and then themes with similar concepts were merged and 6 organizing themes (managerial factors, situational factors, legal factors, infrastructural factors). Behavioral-Functional Factors and Cultural-Social Factors) were formulated in the context of one universal theme as the antecedents of the law enforcement model of football spectator behavior in Iran.

The identified factors were not directly in the area of ​​law enforcement duties, but they did affect football behaviors, so it is necessary for police commanders and managers to manage their behaviors and management processes based on their behaviors.