The effect of sodium butyrate as a histone deacetylase inhibitor on the gene expression of Bid in HT-29 human colorectal cancer cell line

Sodium butyrate (NaBr), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has emerged as a promising anticancer drug for multiple cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium butyrate on the changes in the expression of the Bid gene in human colorectal cancer cell line.

HT-29 cell line was cultured. Cells were treated with different concentration of NaBr (from 6.25 mM to 200mM) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cytotoxicity and IC50 were evaluated by MTT assay. The effect of NaBr on Bid gene expression was examined by PCR and qRT-PCR.

The IC50 for 24, 48, and 72 hours were 95mM, 25mM and, 12.5mM respectively. Antiproliferative activity of NaBr was dependent on time and dose manner. The results of real time PCR showed that the expression of Bid gene in treated cells with IC50 concentration increased significantly (p<0.05) in comparison with the control group.

The results showed that NaBr inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in the HT-29 cell line which can be due to the increase in Bid gene expression. So, the change in expression of the apoptosis genes can effect by histone deacetylase inhibitors.