Assessment Interleukins 3, 5 and 6 Concentration in Follicular Fluid and Their Diagnostic Value in Patients with Unexplained Infertility

Our aim a cross-sectional study was to compare the follicular fluid level of interleukins 3, 5, and 6 and clinical factors in patients with unexplained infertility with healthy subjects in the outcome of In vitro fertilization (IVF).
 

Initiation of ovulation stimulating with ovulation stimulating drugs in different protocols started in 60 infertile patients with unexplained infertility and 40 fertile women. Subjects underwent antagonist and agonist protocol for ovarian stimulation.Then their follicular fluid was separated and the follicular concentration of interleukins 3, 5 and 6 determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The diagnostic value of these 3 interleukins was also evaluated using the Roc curve.

Among the clinical factors, the endometrial thickness and testosterone levels significantly between the two groups (P <0.0001and P = 0.002), that the mean endometrial thickness was lower and the mean testosterone level was higher than the control group. So, hirsutism and hyperandrogenism significantly correlated between the patient and control groups (P = 0.046 and P = 0.046). Interleukin-3, 5, and 6 concentrations decreased in the patient, that the only reduction in IL-5 concentration significantly in the case group compared to the healthy group (P <0.0001). The diagnostic accuracy of IL-5 in the FF wasmoderate with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.71.

There is a significant difference in the follicular fluid interleukin-5 concentration between infertile and fertile women. This cytokine may be involved in the pathophysiology of unexplained infertility.