Stressful Problems in the Relationships between the Aqqoyunlu and the Ottomans in the Period of Uzun Hassan: The Trabzon Empire and the Karaman emirate

The process of empowerment of the Aqqoyunlu of Uzun Hassan on the eastern borders of the Ottoman rule, new relations in the region of Anatolia. In the meantime, the location of the Trebizond and the Karaman emirate in the Anatolian region between the Aqqoyunlu and Ottoman governments was of great political and economic importance. The policy of territorial expansion and access to commercial highways and ports by the Aqqoyunlu and Ottomans created a new form of enmity and tension. The main question of the research is: what effect did the Trabzon Empire and the Karaman emirate have on the bilateral relations of the Aqqoyunlu and the Ottomans during the Uzun Hassan era? The results of this study show that Uzun Hassan chose the policy of unity and influence in Anatolian governments to advance his goals in Anatolia and challenge the Ottoman sultan. But due to Aqqoyunlu involvement on several fronts and the weaknesses and inefficiencies of the United States against the Ottomans, Uzun Hassan failed in his hostile relations with Sultan Muhammad Fateh. The purpose of this study is to investigate, analyze and evaluate the position of the Trebizond and the Karaman emirate in the relations of Aqqoyunlu and the Ottomans during the period of uzun Hassan, relying on the historical sources of the Aqqoyunlu and Ottoman period.