A Critique of Theory of Dimensions of National Culture, Concentrating on Book “Cultures and Organizations: The Software of the Mind”

Cultural differences have always been regarded as significant in human social life. A comprehensive understanding of these differences plays an influential role in explaining and predicting interactions and communications between cultures and within them. Geert Hofstede’s theory of Dimensions of national Culture which is completely introduced in his prominent book titled Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind has been developing in the last three decades as a pioneer and influential theory for study of intercultural differences. In short, preparing a new realm in the field of interdisciplinary studies of culture and using limited dichotomies in recognizing national culture dimensions are among this theory’s privileges while historicity, underestimating social dynamics and diversity, the failure to utilize a consistent and strong theoretical foundation, and ecological fallacy are regarded as its main limitations.