Secondary Bioactive Compounds of marine microorganisms and their applications

The bioactive compounds are divided into two types: primary and secondary. Primary bioactive compounds are essential for the growth of living organisms, but secondary bioactive compounds are not essential for living organisms and originate from primary bioactive compounds. Most secondary bioactive compounds contribute to survival. Marine microorganisms live freely or coexist with marine plants and animals and many marine metabolites are often produced by symbiotic microorganisms. Coexisting microorganisms with Sponge, microalgae, bacteria and sea fungi are major sources of bioactive compounds. Compounds produced by sponges include unusual steroids and nucleosides, anti-inflammatory compounds such as clathriol and halo-peptin. Omega-3 fatty acids, types of toxins, pigments and sterols are derived from microalgae. Marine bacteria produce compounds such as lobophorin, bryostatin, macrolactin, saline amide, acetogenin and astaxanthin. Sea fungi produce compounds such as dendrophiellines, pestalone ,scalusamides ermophilanes, etc. Compounds such fluostramine are also derived from bryozoa. The diversity of marine organisms and products is very high compared to terrsterial resources and marine microorganisms are important sources of new compounds. As a result, the discovery of new bioactive compounds from marine resources confirms the need for research on marine organisms.