Nutrition interaction between different mycorrhizal species and bell pepper, ‎Capsicum annum L., and its effects on biological parameters of the green peach ‎aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), under greenhouse conditions‎

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is a polyphagous insect that can cause damage on a lot of crops in the field and greenhouse conditions. In this research, the effect of five treatments of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) including Glomus caledonium, G. etanicatum, G. geosporum, G. intradicese and G. mosseae together with control treatmenton total amount of phenol content in bell pepper and also their impact on biological parameters of M. persicae were investigated. Based on the results, the highest amount of the total phenolic compound in the plant infested with aphid was observed on G. mosseaeandG. intradicese (686.1 and 664.3 mg/mL, respectively) and the lowest amount was on control (410.8 mg/mL).The shortest and longestadult longevity of the green peach aphid were observed on G. mosseae(16.00 days)and control (22.35 days), respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) varied from 37.54 to 53.34 offspring/individual, with the lowest and highest values obtained on G. mosseae and control, respectively.Also, the lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of the aphid were recorded on G. mosseae treatment (0.2867 and 1.3320 day-1, resp.) compared to other treatments. The results of this study showed that G. mosseae treatment significantly reduced the population growth of M. persicae. Therefore, G. mosseae can be used to produce induced resistance in bell pepper to this aphid, which can be useful in the IPM program of this pest.