The effect of Vitamin D3 on biochemical and histopathological changes, and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats induced by chronic non-bacterial prostatitis

Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-bacterial chronic prostatitis. Given the role of vitamin D3 in balancing inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and having antioxidant properties, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 on biochemical, histopathological and oxidative changes in Wistar male rats induced by chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP).

Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into healthy, CNP without treatment, and two treatment groups including CNP + cernilton and CNP + D3 groups. CNP was induced by single intraprostatic injection of 3% carrageenan. Rats received orally cernilton 100 mg/kg and Vitamin D3 5µg/kg one week after CNP induction for 21 days. Prostatic index (PI), Oxidative index (OI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, calcium and histopathological changes were compared between groups.

Oral administration of cernilton and Vitamin D3 in the treatment groups significantly
(p < 0.05) decreased prostatic and oxidative stress indices and serum creatinine compared to the untreated group. Vitamin D3 significantly increased (p < 0.05) serum calcium concentration compared to the untreated group. No significant differences were observed between the treatment groups and the untreated group in the blood urea nitrogen concentration. In a quantitative evaluation of histopathological results, a significant decrease in mean cell wall hyperplasia, inflammation, and total hyperplasia and inflammation was observed in the vitamin D3 treated group compared to the untreated group.

Our study indicates that Vitamin D3 shows protective effects on CNP induced by carrageenan in rats due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.