The effect of vitamins B group and melatonin foliar application on yield and some of physiological traits of soybean (Glycine max)

The most important of growth phase of plants such as soybean coincide in the summer, which is usually exposed to stresses such as heat, and drought. It can supposed that the use of external component such as vitamins and melatoninto reduce the negative effects of stresses on plants and therefore increase yield. This study wase conducted as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design in three replications. Treatments including melatonin foliar application (0, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) and vitamins B group (0, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid and pyridoxine 100 mg / L). Effects of melatonin and vitamin B on total dry weight, yield, plasma membrane stability, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins were significant. Most of the traits were studied including seed yield, relative water content and chlorophyll in 0.2 mM melatonin solution with pantothenic acid were significantly increased. The effect of pyridoxine was also significant. With increasing concentrations of melatonin with non-presence of vitamin B, the percent of protein and seed oil increased. Foliar application of 0.1 and 0.2 mM melatonin increased grain yield increased by 27% and 84%, respectively. According to the results of this experiment combination of Pantothenic acid and 0.2 mM melatonin yield, plasma membrane stability, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll a and b,flavonoids and anthocyanins significantly increased.