Study of Effective Factors in Tendency to Fewer Childbearing of 15-49 Years Old Women Residents of Tehran

One of the issues which has been taken into consideration in these years, is tending to less childbearing. Consequently, fertility rate decrease in cities is remarkable. The goal of this study is exploring demographic, socio-cultural, and economic factors which are related to "tend to wanting fewer children" in Tehran city. Data were collected by survey method in fall, 2013. Samples were 406 married women, who have 15-49 years old, and they reside in Tehran city. The factors which have a significant relation with tendency to fewer childbearing have been found. They are demographic factors: older age at first marriage of wives and husbands; social factors: women's education level, norms of having few children, individualism, and inability to create a harmony among housework, parenting, and occupation; and economic factors: lack of sufficient income, job insecurity, belief to the country's economic instability, and inability to provide house. Regression analysis shows that in one hand the number of survived children increases the tendency to childbearing, and on the other hand importance to individual freedoms, and independence decrease the tendency to childbearing. In addition, inability to incorporating housework and parenting, and also lack of coordination between parenting and occupation or education decrease the tendency to childbearing, as well. As a result it can be said that the fertility is based on benefits and social costs of childbearing.