Association of Dietary Patterns with Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents Female in Urmia

Obesity in children and adolescents and adults is one of the most serious public health concerns in the 21st Century. Meanwhile, adolescence is an important stage in creating healthy eating habits, which is usually maintained until the end of life. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns with body mass index in adolescents female in Urmia.
In this study, 453 female students were selected by multi-stage sampling. Anthropometric indices including height, weight and waist circumference were measured using standard methods and calibrated instruments. The usual food intake was determined using a semi-quantitative FFQ.
In this study, three major dietary patterns were identified among female students. The "traditional" pattern included fruits, nuts, dried fruits, can and jams, pickles, tea and coffee, honey, vegetables, and sweets. The "high protein" pattern included legumes, organ meats, fish, egg, red meat, high-fat dairy products, cereals, and vegetables. The pattern of "fast foods and salty snacks" included the high-consumption of soft drinks, fast foods, salty snacks, sweets, sugars and juice. High protein dietary pattern [(second tertile compared to first one: (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = (1.1 - 3), P = 0.016) and third tertile compared to the first one: (OR = 1.6, (95% CI = 1.01- 2.7, P = 0.046)] were directly related to underweight. This significant association was maintained in the multiple logistic regression model (Tertile 2 vs. tertile 1: OR = 1.66, 85% CI (1.15-2.39), P = 0.048).
The results of this study show that a high protein diet was associated with an increased risk of underweight.