Survey on fungi associated with cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera filipjevi) and effect of Fusarium species on the nematode under in vitro condition

Knowing and understanding the natural enemies of pests helps they manage their best. Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important cereal diseases in the world, which is detected in 38% of Khuzestan wheat and barley fields with harmful populations. For study and identify of fungi associated with cereal cyst nematode, Hetrodera filipjevi, in Khuzestan province 39 of root and soil samples were taken from wheat fields infested with it during 2013-14. The cysts from soil samples were extracted in the laboratory by Fenwick Can method. The cysts were sterilized and cultured on PDA, CMA and WA media supplemented with antibiotics. The isolated fungi were purified and identified based on macroscopic and microscopic studies. The results showed that among of the 64 isolates were purified from cysts and eggs nematode, the most frequency common isolated fungi were Fusarium spp. with 51.56 percent and the lowest were Macrophomina, Spadicoides and Lecanicillium with 3.12 percent. The frequency of other fungal genera including Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Penicillium, Chaetomium and Ulocladium were 15.62, 7.81, 6.25 and 4.68 percent respectively. Spadicoides atra is reported to be a Matrix nova for H. filipjevi. Also other fungal species listed were reported on H. filipjevi for the first time from Iran. The effect of 10 Fusarium isolates including F.chlamydosporum ,F.equiseti ,F. nygamai ,F.solani (3 isolates) ,F. beomiforme ,F.oxysporum (2 isolates) and F. dimerum on the cyst nematode in antibiotic WA indicated all of the Fusarium isolates parasite eggs and juveniles inside eggs by 12-90 and 3-54 percent respectively