Essentials for Developing and Validating Psychological Scales: Guide to Best Practices

Although Scale development is a common work in behavioral and psychological research, many of them are not adequately exact and perfect. Designing and validating a scale is not only straightforward but also it is an onerous and unfamiliar process. This process requires accuracy and exactness. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to concisely review the step by step process of scale development.  The required and ignored phases and steps of current scale development research, they can be used to all researchers especially the novice. This paper focused on both theoretical basis and practical steps. The Authors tried to stay away from theoretical superficiality and practical ignorance