Robust Scheduling of a Smart Microgrid Connected to the Grid Considering Air Pollution in the Presence of Controllable Loads

The microgrid is a set of local energy producers and consumers that can be utilized with low cost and high reliability. In this paper, a robust multi-objective model is proposed to reduce operating costs and carbon emissions in which a smart grid utilizes a wind turbine and micro-turbine to feed its connected loads. The microgrid also uses a battery to store electrical energy in off-peak hours and to deliver energy in on-peak hours. On the other hand, it is connected to the main grid and can exchange energy with it. Consumers connected to this microgrid are divided into two groups. The first group is uncontrollable loads with certain load pattern and the second group is controllable loads that have certain energy consumption but can be controlled by the operating time. The proposed model is a mixed-integer linear programming problem and is simulated with the CPLEX solver in GAMS software. The results show that when the price of electricity is low, the loads are often supplied by grid electricity, and when the price of electricity is high, they are often fed by micro-turbines, batteries, and wind turbines.