Relationship of maternal vitamin D level with premature rupture of fetal membranes

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is not only a major medical problem but also a social and economic problem. According to the results of some studies, Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and labor may play a role in premature rupture of membranes by mechanism of inflammation in the placenta. Considering to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lack of knowledge about of the determinants of premature rupture of membranes, this study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between maternal vitamin D levels with premature rupture of membranes.

This case-control study was performed on 200 pregnant women with gestational age of 28-41 weeks who referred to Ardabil Alavi Hospital in 2018. 100 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes were selected as the case group and 100 pregnant women without rupture of membranes as the control group. Blood samples were taken from both groups to measure serum levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D. Demographic information, laboratory data, history and type of maternal delivery were collected. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and Chi-Square and T-tests. P<0/05 was considered statistically significant.

Serum level of vitamin D in the case group was 22/73 ±11/87 nanomoles per liter and in the control group was 25/16 ±12/48 nanomoles per liter; the difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p=0/09).

There was no association between maternal vitamin D levels and premature rupture of membranes. Further research with a larger number of samples and complete control of the intervention agents is needed to investigate the relationship between maternal vitamin D levels and the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes.