Providing a bi-level model for medium and low voltage distribution network expansion planning
In this paper, a bi-level model is proposed for low and medium voltage distribution network expansion planning in the presence of distributed generations (DGs) which are located in the low-voltage network. In the bi-level model, the upper and lower levels are medium and low voltage networks, respectively. The model is decomposed to two sub problems and the final aim is to find the answer with minimum planning and operation costs consisting of the cost of installing and upgrading of new and existing transformers, substations, feeders, distributed generations and cost of losses. The model is a mixed-integer non-linear programming, which is solved by a genetic algorithm with a proposed codification. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution method, the model is implemented in a distribution system in three case studies, including, problem solving with traditional planning, bi-level programming without considering DGs and bi-level programming considering DGs in the low-voltage side. The obtained results show that the importance of incorporating both low and medium voltage networks simultaneously is very effective in reducing costs.
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