Mapping Features of Surface and Depth, Soil Profiles by Using Geostatistical Techniques in Part of Qazvin Plain

Understanding the spatial variability of soil surface and depth features and capabilities in order to obtain detailed information about land and using them to the best and the most profitable type of productivity is essential in sustainable management of soil resources. This study aimed on geostatistical mapping of some surface and depth features of soil profiles in 17,000 hectares of the plain of Qazvin. For this purpose, regular grid sampling pattern, with intervals 1300 × 1300 was selected. After drilling 61 profiles, the soil sampling were taken from soil horizons. Features of ECs, pH, clay, silt and sand percentage of    0-30 and 0-100 cm was calculated as an average weight in the depths. In the depths of the soil profiles, electrical conductivity and pH were the highest and the lowest coefficient of variation. Spatial variability characteristics by using vario-gram and the nugget Effect variance to sill was studied and for mapping features of Kriging was used in ArcGIS 10 software. The results showed in the both depths that exponential was the best model for silt and pH characteristics and for the EC, clay and silt Gaussian model was the best. Class properties have been studied for moderate to strong spatial dependence is the spatial dependence for all features of more than 1430 meters respectively. Maps of kriging demonstrated that the distribution of large amounts of soil in the area is that because of the extensive changes to the sheer size of the region can, in different soil management conditions, among them.