This study aimed to study the role of metacognition, emotional schemas and mind reading in a distinction between bipolar and unipolar depression based on a cognitive approach.
A causal-comparative study was used in this research. The statistical population of this research includes all patients with bipolar and unipolar depression disorder of Razi Psychiatry Hospital in 2019. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 105 persons (40 in control and 65 in clinical groups) were selected via the available sampling method. For data collection, were administered for every 3 groups the reading the mind in BaronCohen eyes tests (RMET, 2001), Leahy emotional schema scale (LESS, 2002) and meta-cognitive beliefs questionnaire of wells (MCQ, 1997). Then, the data was performed in program SPSS version 21 using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and discriminant function analysis.
The results of the MANOVA test revealed that there was a significant difference between the three groups in metacognition (F=34.42, P=0.000), emotional schemas (F=58.23, P=0.000), and mind reading (F=13.02, P=0.000). Two functions formed by using the discriminant function analysis that their eigenvalues distinguished control from clinical groups and unipolar from bipolar. Structure matrix of control and clinical groups are recognizable from shame and guilt (FC=0.321). Also, in a distinction between unipolar and bipolar, negative beliefs concern (FC=0.405) and acceptance of feelings (FC=0.310) have an important role in the diagnosis of these disorders. Concluded: Based on results, cognitive Factors have important role in suffering from bipolar and unipolar depression and it can discriminate disordered peoples and normal ones. Theoretical and practical implications of the presented results are also discussed.
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