Collagen I Gel Increases the Osteogenic Potential of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have osteogenic potential. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an alternative natural replacement for osteogenic growth factors. The present study evaluated the combinatory effect of human PRP (hPRP) and collagen I (Col I) gels on the osteogenic potential of ASCs.

In current experimental research, the extracted ASCs from the pararenal fat pad, at passage 3 were used for the experiments. The osteoinductive potential of ASCs was examined by culturing the cells in cell culture media supplemented with 10% hPRP, 10% Col I, and 10% hPRP/Col I. Finally, metabolic activity, osteoblast differentiation, and mineralization were assessed through the MTT method, alkaline phosphatase assay, Von Kossa method, and staining of osteocalcin (OCN) immunocytochemistry, respectively.

Based on the results, 10% hPRP gel, 10% Col I gel, and 10% hPRP/Col I gel increased the metabolic activity and proliferation of ASCs (P < 0.05). In addition, the activity of alkaline phosphatase in ASCs, supplemented with 10% hPRP/Col I gel was extremely higher compared to the other groups on days 7 and 14 (P < 0.05). Further, calcified nodules were evident on day 14 after the osteogenic stimulation of ASCs which were cultured in 10% hPRP/Col I gel. Eventually, positive OCN expression was detected in 10% hPRP/Col I gel on days 7 and 14.

These findings indicated that the combination of hPRP and Col I gels provides a natural biomaterial for increasing the proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of ASCs