Evaluation of the Effect of Single Dose of Prophylactic Ciprofloxacin Before Simple Cystourethroscopy on the Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The assumed necessity of antimicrobial prophylaxis prior to simple cystoscopy is controversial. The aim of this study is to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis is required before this outpatient procedure.

A total of 162 patients with mean age of 51 years old (range: 12–82 years old) were recruited. They were randomized into two groups: First group did not receive antibiotics (81 patients) and the other group received prophylactic antibiotic before the operation (81 patients with a single dose of ciprofloxacin 500 mg). All patients underwent a diagnostic rigid cystoscopy.  48-72 hours following the operation, urine cultures were taken from all of patients. Further, patients were questioned about newly developed symptoms like dysuria, frequency, urgency and fever after cystoscopy.

Bacteriuria was present in 2/46% of the patients in Group that receive antibiotic, compared to 4/93% in Group that did not receive antibiotic (P = 0/27). Multivariate analysis in two groups showed that positive bacteriuria was not associated with gender (P =0/12), but there was association for older than 60 years age (P = 0/03) as well as cigarette smoking (P = 0/04).

The incidence of the urinary tract infection is not increased without using prophylactic antibiotics.