The Role of Task Constraints Manipulation on Learning of Skills and Strategies of Basketball by Nonlinear Pedagogy (TGFU)

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of task constraints manipulation on learning of skills and strategies of basketball by nonlinear pedagogy (Teaching Games for Understanding). The statistical population of the study was Urmia secondary school girl students. Subjects were 40 students (each group= 20 people) who did not already have a history of basketball playing and were physically health with an average age of 13.06±3. AAHPERD basketball skills test and game performance assessment instrument was used to collect data. The manipulation of the constraints included changes in the playing location, ball size, loop height, and change in the rules of the game. The results showed that training skills and strategies of basketball were effective and the subjects learned more after training. Also, the effect of basketball training by constraints manipulation of TGFU and TGFU without constraints manipulation was different that represents confirmation of the positive role of task constraints manipulation at the level of p