Application of Edible Mushrooms in the Production of Sustainable Packaging

Consumers now have stronger affinity towards eco-friendly products instead of plastics. Eco-friendly packaging is made of recyclable or renewable materials which are sustainable and safe for not only individuals but also the environment. Mushroom- based packaging is one of the eco-friendly materials that have received considerable attention, recently. Mycelium is a fast growing vegetative part of a fungus which latches onto whatever around it like any low value organic matter to create a super-dense network of threads. Once growing in the mold to reach the desired density and shape, the material is dehydrated and heat treated, to stop further growth. Supplementary processes such as compression and laser cutting may also be used to achieve the required shape and structure. The result is a heat and fire-resistant, biodegradable and low cost material that has similar properties like synthetic foam plastics. There is no spore or allergen concern as the mycelium is not fully grown to produce fertile bodies. This paper reviews the current status of technology for production of mycelium based material and its applications as a sustainable alternative for polystyrene.