Analysis of the Process of Sublimation and Stylization of the Five Psychological Tendencies in Sa'di's Sonnets

Psychoanalysis can be an approach for better understanding of literary works. In this approach, topics such as the conscious, the sub/preconscious, and the unconscious are of great importance,because literary works are important manifestations of the unconscious, including the suppressed desires or repression that have come to pass over to ego and take place there as time passes.The artist who is the poet here, sublimating his desires by using artistic tricks and figures of speech, and is trying to represent them in his/her literary works in a way that even the reader will experience the same pleasure, and that is why all works of art, especially literary works, are a very good platform for psychoanalytic criticism. In this descriptive analytical study, a brief description of the five categories of psychoanalysis, namely masochism, sadism, voyeurism, homosexuality and fetishism is assumed, and then their implicit and explicit applications in Saadi’s sonnets is extracted and classified. It is concluded that, first of all, Saadi was represented them in his sonnets with relatively high frequencies and second of all by using poetic artistry and rhetorical tricks he has tried to recite and sublimate them in the best possible way. So sublimating can be named as one of the important factors in creating pleasure by reading Saadi’s poems.