Biochemical and Haematological Changes in Wistar Rats after Administration of Nickel- and Copper-Drug Complexes of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

Metal ion complexes of synthetic drugs are gaining global attention because of their effectiveness in the management of various ailments. Copperand Nickel drug complexes of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide were synthesized and investigated for their toxicological activities in Wistar rats usingbiochemical and haematological parameters. Thirty (30) Wistar rats (150.20 ± 3.42 g) were used and divided into 6 groups (A-F) each containing5 rats. Groups A and B rats orally received 5% DMSO and 20 mg/kg body weight of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide respectively, while those ingroups C and D received 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight of Ni (ISO)Cl2 respectively. Rats in groups E and F received same doses as in C and D butcorresponding to Cu (ISO)Cl2. Each group received 0.5 ml corresponding to the agents administered to them for 21 days. The toxicity in theanimals were monitored using standard methods. The ligand and its complexes dose-independently reduced (P < 0.05) serum activities of AlkalinePhosphatase (ALP) as well as quantities of total cholesterol and Red Blood Cells (RBC) but did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect parameters suchas tissue ALP activities, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), atherogenic index, haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and meancorpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). This study has scientifically established the safety of nickel and copper complexes of isonicotinicacid hydrazide. However, caution must be taken in their consumption since they possess hypocholesterolemic properties.