The Symbiosis Study of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with some Annual Herbaceous Plants and the Morphological Identification of Dominant Species of these Fungi in Kerman Province
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
Introduction

Among the mycorrhizal fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are the most common symbiotic species with plants. Root colonization by these fungi increases plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, enhances growth through increasing elements uptake, improves the water connection of plants, and protects plants against diseases.

Materials and methods

In this study, eight plants were selected from Joupar and Mahan regions of Kerman province and were sampled from 0 to 30 cm depth of rhizosphere of each plant, which included thin soils and roots, to calculate the frequency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil, identify spores, and determine the percentage of root colonization. For staining the roots, Philips and Hayman’s method was used and root colonization percentage was determined. Spore density in soil samples was obtained after the extraction of spores from 10 grams of the soil sample by the wet sieve method and existing spores and also dominant spores in the soil of each plant were determined and then the data were statistically analyzed.

Results

All the examined root samples showed a symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The percentage of colonization in evergreen, oregano, chicory, safflower and castor plants was 100% and in purslane, gall and chamomile were 98%, 95%, and 88%, respectively. The average number of spores per 10 grams soil was 18, 62, 16, 34, 3, 15, 25, and 7 respectively. Based on statistical analysis, it was found that there is a direct relationship between the number of spores and the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in most plants. Then, the available spores as well as the dominant spores in the soil of each plant were identified.

Discussion and conclusion

High spores per 10 grams of soil and the high percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in the study area indicated that such climates are the valuable natural repository for plant species, animals, and microorganisms.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Biological Journal of Microorganism, Volume:9 Issue: 33, 2020
Pages:
41 to 55
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