Study of protein spots responsive to salinity stress in diploid wheat

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that can affect the yield of wheat. It is important to study the mechanisms of tolerance to salinity in crops and their ancestors. The purpose of this project was to investigate the responsive protein spots to salt stress in tolerant population. In this research, five diploid wheat population of T. boeoticum (A1, A10, B3, B4, C5) were grown in greenhouse as factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Salinity was applied at two levels of zero and 150 mM. Then, the traits of shoot and root height, fresh and dry shoot weights, chlorophyll a, b, total carotenoids and total protein content were measured. Total protein was extracted using TCA / acetone method. The proteins were separated in the first dimension by isoelectric point using IPGs pH 4-7 followed by SDS-PAGE as the second dimension using molecular weight. The results of physiological data analysis showed that for fresh and dry shoot weights and total protein content, the interaction effect of the population*salinity was significant. For the two traits of fresh weight and total protein, the population of B4 had the highest average. Two-dimensional electrophoresis gel analysis revealed 205 repetitive spots. Out of these, 7 spots showed upregulation and 7 spots downregulation. Identified proteins include proteins involved in the cell wall, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, chromatin-related proteins, chaperones, proteolytic, in the removal of reactive oxygen species, in repairing damaged proteins and in the transmission of the message. These results can be used to improve wheat cultivars.